There is no specific diagnostic test for atopic dermatitis. It is a clinical diagnosis based on compatible clinical signs and exclusion of other conditions that could cause similar findings. A logical stepwise approach is required and owners should be made aware that it may take weeks to reach a confirmed diagnosis.
- Favrot Criteria are now available to aid a diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. See the 1 minute atopic dermatitis test
- Rule out/treat parasites
- Comprehensive flea control
- Skin scrapes, coat brushings +/- trichograms to look for fleas and mites
- Serology and/or trial therapy may also be necessary to rule out sarcoptic mange
- Rule out/treat infections
- Cytology (tape strips/impression smears/swabs) to identify yeast (Malassezia) and bacterial infections
- If pruritus persists once parasites and infections have been excluded, then atopic dermatitis is likely
- Consider attempting to identify the offending allergens
- Elimination food trial in dogs with non-seasonal signs (10-20% of patients may have food allergy)
- Intradermal skin testing or serology if allergen-specific immunotherapy is planned
